What best describes autism spectrum disorders?

The correct choice effectively captures the core characteristics of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). These disorders are defined by two primary areas of concern: deficits in social communication and social interaction, alongside the presence of restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. This definition aligns with how professionals currently understand and diagnose ASD according to established frameworks like the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition).

Understanding these key components helps differentiate ASD from other developmental disorders, emphasizing that while social etiquette may be affected, the primary issues lie in broader social communication deficits and behavioral rigidity. This captures the complete essence of autism spectrum disorders, providing a comprehensive view of the symptoms that can manifest in individuals on the spectrum.